What's the Good of Plato's Republic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

What's the Good of Plato's Republic - Essay Example supposed to be corresponding to rising which is portrayed in the cavern anecdote inferring that for all terms in epistemological advancement there exist relating various articles or item. Taking a gander at the similarity of isolated line, it is important that structures are not the same as things which are noticeable. Additionally, getting to epistemic things isn't connected in any capacity to keen structures. The phases in the rising of the cavern are given as detainees being anchored, detainees in the cavern who are not tied, the individuals who use sun’s light to see things which are discernible and the individuals who see the sun and comprehend the intensity of the sun. Perspectives which are four in number are recognized with respect to four remarkable stages utilizing the climb from the cavern as3: The unchained detainees who can't be up the lofty which was viewed as steep saw relics and fire that threw shadows on walls4. Such detainees are said to see all the more unmistakably and accurately since they were seeing what is nearer to genuine or all the more genuine. Be that as it may, before detainees became used to what they saw, they are compelled to think the shadows are valid as contrasted and what they were then ready to see. The detainees, who figured out how to be in the cavern by means of the harsh steep divider, are supposed to be in sunlight and they are amazed toward the start. After the astonishing they saw shadows, reflections and detectable things in that order5. Subsequently, they saw the sky, the moon and the stars. The detainees who figured out how to be out of the cavern are said to have seen the genuine sun or the sun all things considered. In the wake of seeing the sun itself, they understood that the sun is liable for the difference in years and seasons. Such detainees are said to have directed everything in topos of perceivability. This gathering of individuals is said to have seen all the obvious; they have achieved the last objective of perceivability. The sun is liable for the arrangement of light which is utilized in observing things. This sun is seen to be comparable to good6. The term great alludes to

Pope Clement VII Profile

Pope Clement VII Profile Pope Clement VII was otherwise called: Giulio de Medici Pope Clement VII is noted for: Failing to perceive and manage the huge changes of the Reformation. Hesitant and out of luck, Clements failure to remain steadfast against the forces of France and the Holy Roman Empire aggravated an unsteady circumstance. He was the pope whose refusal to give Englands ruler Henry VIII a separation ignited the English Reformation. Occupation and Role in Society: Pope Spots of Residence and Influence: Italy Significant Dates: Conceived: May 26, 1478, Florence Chosen pope: Nov. 18, 1523 Detained by the Emperors troops: May, 1527 Kicked the bucket: Sept. 25, 1534 About Clement VII: Giulio de Medici was the ill-conceived child of Giuliano de Medici, and he was raised by Giulianos sibling, Lorenzo the Magnificent. In 1513 his cousin, Pope Leo X, made him diocese supervisor of Florence and cardinal. Giuliano affected Leos approaches, and furthermore arranged some great masterpieces to respect his family. As pope, Clement wasnt capable of the Reformation. He neglected to comprehend the importance of the Lutheran development and permitted his association in Europes political circle to decrease his viability in otherworldly issues. Head Charles V had upheld Clements office for pope, and he considered the To be and the Papacy as an organization. In any case, Clement aligned himself with Charles long-lasting adversary, Francis I of France, in the League of Cognac. This crack in the long run brought about magnificent armed forces sacking Rome and detaining Clement in the château of SantAngelo. Much after his restriction finished a while later, Clement stayed under supreme impact. His undermined position meddled with his capacity to manage Henry VIIIs demand for an invalidation, and he was always unable to settle on any suitable choices in regards to the change that the Reformation had become. altered by Kenneth Gouwens and Sheryl E. Reissby P. G. Maxwell-Stuart

10 Brilliant Tips for Dealing with a Difficult Boss

10 Brilliant Tips for Dealing with a Difficult Boss Congratulations! It’s your first day at work and you are thrilled to have been chosen among several other candidates for this prestigious job. Things get even better when your colleagues are more than happy to show you around the office block. You finally approach the boss’s chambers, and this is it! Your moment of reckoning!But ALAS….As you step out of the office your entire world seems to collapse, you realize your boss has just shattered your dreams by criticizing you and walking over your ambitions. This is a classic case of dealing with a boss who is mean and quite judgmental.  Now, the office begins to resemble a dreary old prison cell while your boss is the prison warden.You now question yourself â€" Do I have to endure this for eternity?Fortunately, the answer’s No!   Dealing with a relentless boss can be made effortless by following a set of guidelines. The first move is to deduce the type of boss you will be working for, the section below goes in-detail on the kind of bosses you are likely to confront. THE VARIOUS TYPES OF BOSSES YOU ARE BOUND TO ENCOUNTERBefore you find ways to tackle your boss, it’s important to decipher his personality and measure his temperament. This allows you to pinpoint the specific nature of your boss to better equip yourself and fend off any ugly attempts at taking you down.The Narcissistic KindThere’s nothing worse than having a self-centered, self-admiring, and self-obsessed boss constantly tell you that you are in the wrong. The narcissistic boss is the first to grab the spotlight for the achievements of his team and the last to take blame in a situation that calls for it.Emotionally, the narcissistic boss will always feed off energy from his co-workers and will ensure you never win an argument as they prefer to keep things under their control. To achieve success in dealing with a narcissistic boss, it’s important to understand the term â€" narcissist.Narcissists like to get under the skin of people by thriving on their bloated egos. They don’t miss an opportunity to embarrass and shame you to showcase their superior hold over you. In these conditions, it’s important to never provoke their narcissistic nature and get your tongue bitten in the process.Don’t try and enable a narcissistic boss by trying to point out the truth, you will only encourage them to belittle you. Instead, focus on the crucial perspective of working in a big company to learn the ropes while you earn the trust of your peers. Sooner or later, your boss will come around to understanding your role and just how important you are to the team.Here is a short video that demonstrates ways to deal with a narcissistic boss. The Busy BeeYou’ve just finished a big report and are looking forward to showing it to your boss â€" except your boss never seems to be around or in his chamber. A boss that empowers you but is nowhere in sight when an urgent proposal requires his attention can get quite messy for the overall development of the company.Apart from not b eing present, the boss spends his time doing non-constructive activities while adding his assigned work to your work pile. Overtime, it can get impossible to keep a track on his whereabouts and you are left feeling exhausted and frustrated due to the lack of support and feedback.Dealing with this type of boss can be quite difficult as you are in no position to dictate their work agenda for them. However, if you were to pitch up an idea where it showcases the shortcomings of the company and why there is a lack of growth, it should get their attention enough to come up with a plan.The absent boss should be notified that his presence is required in the company and that his insight is extremely valuable. It’s also a good idea to remind them that your current job is being affected due to the additional workload.The Nosy Micromanager TypeImagine having someone constantly breathing down heavily behind your neck while you try to get the work done â€"it’s not a pleasant situation to be i n. The Micromanager boss will always try to throw in his input while obstructing your workspace. Overtime, this behavior can dampen your creativity and will certainly restrict you from developing your skillset any further.Micromanager bosses tend to latch on to minor details and make a big fuss over it instead of concentrating on the bigger picture. It’s frustrating as an employee to lose their freedom of expression and give in to the demands of a stubborn and unyielding boss.In these situations, it’s important to combat their overbearing nature by being proactive and checking in on the matter before you are approached. Since micromanager bosses are usually the hardest of the lot to please, you need to go the extra mile by being patient and taking the time to show them the full picture.If all else fails, you could try being upfront about your situation to your boss and explain why he needs to trust you and leave you in charge. Request him politely to offer his feedback until aft er the project is complete and not before.The Chaotic SoulThe fuming raging beast that awaits you at the gates of hell â€" that’s the feeling you get when approaching the “Chaotic” boss. While everyone often experiences a bad mood, the chaotic boss seems to be permanently affixed to this state of emotion.The volatile nature of an angry boss can ensure the office environment is always tense and it’s impossible to get work done efficiently without constantly feeling nervous. Although apologizing often, even if it wasn’t your mistake, can seem like the solution, overtime, this leads to more outbursts due to your compliant nature.To tackle this issue, you need to get to the root of the problem and understand why your boss is constantly in a foul mood. If he expects a specific standard of quality in his employees such as punctuality, on-time reports, and managing deadlines promptly, then this is where your area of focus needs to be. Improving on these areas can send a signal to him that you are trying your best, and this can open a warmer relationship between the two of you.For more in-depth strategies to help you combat a difficult boss, the following section deals with 10 ways to help you achieve a calm and peaceful working environment.10 TIPS THAT CAN BLOCK OUT THE ACTIONS OF A TENACIOUS BOSSTip #1: Determine the Situation You’re in Before Acting“Don’t judge a book by its cover!”Sometimes, we rely too much on our assumptions to draw a picture of an individual and this could lead to our downfall. If you’ve just taken up a new position in the company, it’s important to give the job sometime before you analyze the nature of your boss. It could be that your boss happened to be in a bad mood during the first week of your joining and that things could get better as time passes.Your boss could be a perfectionist and may require things to be up to the mark, this isn’t necessarily a bad thing and could only improve your talents at a faster pace. T here could be a management style that your boss adheres to and as a new trainee, it could take you sometime to adjust yourself to these requirements.However, if things remain cold and damp for over a month or two, your boss could in fact very well be a difficult person to work with. In which case, the following tips below will guide you in these difficult situations.Tip #2: Demonstrate Strong Qualities and Win Your Boss OverBosses are always looking for efficient employees to work with and this could be your chance to prove to them that you have all the necessary talents in you. Simple changes to your behavior such as showing up to the office on time, offering to handle a difficult project or staying back an extra hour to ensure the operations are streamlined can make the difference between a difficult boss and a satisfied one.Exhibiting key skills can also prove to your boss that you can be relied upon and this allows them to feel comfortable which means lesser grueling sessions. U nder the right circumstances, you could even receive a promotion and astonish your co-workers by showing them that even they can convert a raging bull into a timid mouse with the right Expertise.Always remember that there is no substitute for hard work, but hard work alone isn’t going to win you the prized horse, it’s necessary to be strong-willed. When things still look shaky, it’s important to remain calm and move on to the next tip â€" Patience!The below video showcases the right attitude needed to achieve success with your boss. Tip #3: Practice PatienceBeing patient has its own rewards in life and it’s not that much different in a professional environment. If you’ve just had a brutal session that had your boss performing a takedown maneuver on your recently envisioned project, remain calm. A calm personality showcases a mature individual that can solve any issue that life has in store for them.By remaining composed you also dominate the situation and your boss will ev entually begin to respect your levelheaded nature. As a bonus, your laid-back quality may begin to rub off on his heated personality and you may successfully defeat his aggression altogether with your passiveness.Patience allows you to assess the situation and take the best route forward. Judging your boss and making a hasty decision can cause you to regret the decision for the rest of your professional career. Hence, it’s important to hold onto your emotions and carry a smile on your face.Tip #4: Avoid Being DefensiveThere may be several days in your career that seem like your resistance has been crushed and it’s time to take the attack to the opposition. A few angry words or an unending argument can ensure your boss sees you as a potential rival rather than a team player. This feud can carry on for months and can create an ugly atmosphere where you remain constantly frustrated and will make you think back to the times when you should have remained passive instead of defensive. As the phrase goes â€" “I’m the boss and I make the rules”, there is no countering the fact that your boss will always hold more power than you. Unfortunately, even if you are right and your boss is wrong it’s necessary to remain silent and request for an opportunity to politely explain the situation without opposing the idea.Being defensive can cost you valuable recommendation marks that could have potentially helped you in landing your next job. Avoid imposing language and stick to venting out your frustrations outside the office, your future self will thank you for enduring these difficult times.Tip #5: Request for a TransferIf you find yourself loving your job but are unable to cope with the stressful environment due to the presence of your boss, request a transfer. Major companies are usually accommodating for their employees to apply for a transfer to another department within the same enterprise. Provide a satisfactory reason as to why you are requesting a transfer to the HR team and discreetly move away from your current Situation.It’s important to never blame your boss as the sole reason for moving as this could reflect poorly on your personal record. Find a way to convince your seniors that the change could bring the best out of you or that the other department is much more suitable to your working style.This method ensures that you don’t face any awkward moments with your boss to confront his behavior and is a great way to continue working with the company you love so much. Hopefully, the situation turns into a momentous one with your new boss being far more approachable than your last.Tip #6: Maintain a Personal Record of your Boss“By failing to prepare, you are preparing to fail”Life is full of uncertainties and the same applies to your position, in the long run, within the company. It’s necessary to keep track of activities and ensure that you maintain a log of all the events that occurred. Make it a point to safeguard important receipts and transcript every heated conversation that you ever had with your boss.When the storm does arrive, these records can help prove your innocence against a mean boss accusing you of a mistake you haven’t committed in front of other senior members. If necessary, having a co-worker or your team testify to the hardships faced by you due to your boss can get him fired or transferred to another department.This method should only be used as a last resort and if the situation has reached an escalating point. The documents should act as a protective vest that shields you from the incoming accusations of your boss and should by no means be used as a weapon to threaten your boss with.Tip #7: Put yourself in your boss’s shoes and empathizeYour boss is as human as the rest of your team and as a fellow human, it’s your duty to understand the hardships faced by him on an emotional level. He could be going through a recent divorce or may be in a financial crunch to pay off his exis ting loans. The stressful phase faced by him could be the reason as to why he reacts the way he does.Take time off your work and try to get behind the matter by directly offering to listen to his personal side of the story. By listening and offering emotional support, you open the doors to your boss accepting you as a friend rather than a co-worker and this could repair the rift between the two of you.Remember to never try and pry open the issue if your boss isn’t comfortable sharing it with you. Respect his wishes and in time when he needs someone to share his ordeal with, guess who is his most trusted source to converse with?Tip #8: Always remain one-step aheadBy mentally preparing yourself to be productive and hitting your deadlines way before their completion time, you give your boss no reason to find fault with you. Create schedules for any meetings that are upcoming, ensure you’ve set up ample reminders in the form of alarm clocks and sticky notes placed in strategic posit ions.By acting on your own and being efficient in your work, you prove to your boss that you have the right mettle and a promotion can work in your favor. Eliminate any room for procrastination and realize that every time you postpone an important event, you invite the wrath of your boss. By weighing out the consequences, it’s an easy choice to make on which of the following path leads you to success.Once you create the habit of being ahead of your office commitments, your boss will immediately get the point and move on to less productive employees in the company to unleash his outburstson.Tip #9: Solve Interpersonal IssuesAs a working professional, you may not necessarily see eye-to-eye with your boss on a personal level due to the difficult circumstances unleashed by him into your world. However, it’s critical to set aside your ego and take a moment to consider the fact that there could be several issues in the past that have piled up and have remained unresolved.The situation demands that you politely approach him and have a face-to-face talk about all the outstanding clashes in the past and clear out any misunderstandings. Although this sounds like an extremely difficult thing to do, it’s the best move forward to resolving all conflicts in one long conversation. It also ensures that there is a healthy working environment between the two of you in the long distant future.Never discuss office issues with your colleagues as this can prove costly to your career. If a jealous colleague were to spill the beans about you to the boss, you can bide farewell to any promotions that your boss may have had in store for you.Here is an informative video regarding bosses that bully their employees and how to deal with such behavior. Tip #10: Evacuate from the Constant Negative SpaceYou’ve managed to try everything in the book including the kitchen sink to close the gap between your steadfast boss and yourself. Unfortunately, there seems to be no solution appearing and things have only gone from bad to worse. In this situation, you must consider the most difficult option of them all â€" Offer your resignation and seek work elsewhere.As bad as it sounds, this could be a new beginning for you and your career prospects. Take heart in knowing that you tried your best and gave it everything to iron out the issues that came your way. By leaving your company, realize that you didn’t just leave a good company, but the company lost a hardworking employee in you.And who knows your new company could just be the perfect working environment you have always wished for with welcoming colleagues, large office space, a premium paycheck and most important of all â€" a friendly and productive boss.BE A BETTER EMPLOYEE BEFORE YOU JUDGE YOUR BOSSAs a professional, it’s necessary to take a step back and start to evaluate yourself before you take the plunge and accuse your boss of being the main villain. Ask yourself questions like â€"Am I reaching all the nece ssary goals required of me by the company? Have I conducted myself unprofessionally during my time here? Am I being selfish with my co-workers and if yes, how can I be friendlier?Is there something I am unsure of which I repeatedly commit to anger my boss?The answers to the following questions can be a better judge of the type of person you are. If the answers are all positive, then you are free to pass personal judgment on your boss. If the answers are neutral or negative, it’s time to take a good look at yourself and fix your own personal flaws first, before you contradict others.By being a better employee, you motivate yourself and others around you to change in a constructive manner. Once you begin motivating others, your seniors and even your boss will begin to respect you for what you do and for all that you offer to the company. Rekindle the lost flame of encouragement and watch yourself grow leaps and bounds.CONCLUSIONDuring the interview process, it would be a good idea t o ask around and get information on the boss you will be working for. This will give you a good reason to judge the overall mentality of your boss and it will allow you to make a choice of whether you can tolerate the beast or better yet â€" not venture into the uncharted wilderness in the first place.In the unfortunate event that you made it into the wasteland, you can always find yourself a way to keep yourself from being mauled by following the above guidelines and by maintaining a level-headed personality to serve as your guiding light.Always remember that no one deserves to be mistreated for the job they perform, if all the above commandments fail, take the high road and seek out a better employer, it’s worth it in the long run.

It s All About The Presentation - 1333 Words

It’s all About the Presentation The standard way of thinking about copyrights is that it only applies to books and movies; however, whether it applies to recipes is a topic that many chefs want to bring to light. Not many people think that copyrights apply to recipes. In the discussion about recipes, the issue is that the ingredients themselves cannot be copyrighted. The question is how can a person copyright a recipe. The names of ingredients and the labels can be copyrighted but the substance themselves cannot be. In recent discussions of copyright, the issue has been chefs copying others and calling it theirs; however, putting recipes under patents is ineffective because another chef could just omit an ingredient or add something to†¦show more content†¦In the article â€Å"The Plagiarism Problem,† Gavin Larson describes copying of other artists dance moves. Although this has nothing to do with food it brings up the topic of using inspiration or copying. La rson talks about the use of context and intention to differentiate whether it is inspiration or just plagiarism. Even though dance is a different type of art it still relates to the struggles of ownership. In the article â€Å"Something Borrowed,† Malcolm Gladwell describes his encounter with two ladies who are battling over intellectual property. The woman claiming theft is pointing out that her essence and words were stolen. Although this has nothing to do with recipes it does bring up intellectual property and who is the rightful owner. While researching copyrights throughout Lauren Markham’s â€Å"Meringue War† and Gavin Larsen’s â€Å"The Plagiarism Problems†, I observed the struggle between chefs within recipes and how it is similar to dancers and their performances. Based on my research of copyrights, I argue that this topic is significant because of the current uses of trademarks on food, the uses of specific plating as a form of art, and the use of branding the name of a dish such as the Cronut and needs further investigation on its effect on chef’s livelihood. Although copyrights may seem of concern to only a small group of foodie, it should in fact concern anyone who cares about

Comparing The Spiral Model And The Waterfall Model

1. Compare and contrast the spiral model and the waterfall model. What are the strengths of each? What are the weaknesses of each? Which is best for large projects and which is best for very small projects? Why is the waterfall model still relevant in software engineering? (Word Count: 300-400 words) In Water fall show the stages are executed under a consecutive stream. each new stage is prepared when finishing the past stage. This is a huge reason that any sudden changes are difficult to suit under waterfall model. Waterfall model is the most established model going to the focal points of waterfall model least arranging overhead for the steps that are to take after .in this model the exercises in every eliminate is conveyed forthright. It is attainable that one does not need to anticipate whole stage .the undertaking does not slip on its calendar. the quantity of assets taking a shot at this undertaking does not continue expanding drawbacks of waterfall model are powerlessness of rolling out improvements in the framework when once the framework prerequisites are solidified. Cannot backtrack to the past stage once when it is finished if the product improvement methodology reaches out for a more drawn out time of time there are risks that the product and equipment alternatives picked for the product may get to be out of date toward the end of the advancement process winding model was acquainted due with deficiency in the waterfall models in this process the wholeShow MoreRelatedThe Software Development Life Cycle Essay1884 Words   |  8 PagesThe waterfall method is a linear, sequential, non-iterative process for software development first mentioned by Herbert Benington in 1956. 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Although there are a number of opinions comparing the two methods regarding how they should be applied, noneRead MoreA Rubik s Cube Is A Logic Game And Mathematical Puzzle1455 Words   |  6 Pagesonly. Throughout the technologies section I have used information from sites reference [5] – [15] found in the appendix. A Software Development Process or Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) model is put in place to help manage the resources and time you have available to complete a project. Each model will usually contain key planning, design and testing stages. If the project was being developed by a single person, with no time constraints or budget and the requirements from the customer weren’tRead MoreApplication Of An Information System1129 Words   |  5 Pagesall these methodologies are distinguished into two categories – Heavyweight or Lightweight. Heavyweight methodologies are also known as traditional methodologies which approach system development with standard, well-defined processes such as Waterfall, Spiral and Unified Process. Lightweight methodologies such as XP, SCRUM are known as the agile methodologies which focus on iterative cycles and are more able to adapt to changes. Each type of approach has its own recognized strength and weakness. NoRead MoreNet Present Valu e and Software Project Management1643 Words   |  7 Pagesii. Complexity iii. Conformity iv. Flexibility 1. ii, and iii only. 2. i, ii, and iii only. 3. i, and iv only. 4. ii, iii, and iv only. 5. i, ii, iii, and iv. 6. When producing a system in a project, different models can be chosen. The following are advantages of one of the process models: i.Large projects may benefit from the limited iteration process allowed ii.Logical flow aids in understanding iii.Sequential project processes are easier to plan and implement iv.Allows project completion timesRead MoreSdlc23489 Words   |  94 Pagestraditional approach. These approaches are as follows : (i) Waterfall : Linear framework type (ii) Prototyping : Iterative framework type (iii) Incremental : Combination of linear and iterative framework type (iv) Spiral : Combination linear and iterative framework type (v) Rapid Application Development (RAD) : Iterative Framework Type (vi) Agile Methodologies 2.3.1 The Traditional / Waterfall Approach / Sequential Approach: The waterfall approach is a traditional development approach in whichRead MoreMis Summary25465 Words   |  102 Pages Task 1 – Taxonomies of Information Systems Mastering the three worlds of information technology By Mc Afee 3 roles of executives in managing IT: 1) select technologies, 2) nurture adoption, 3) ensure their exploitation Building an Effective IT Model - IT in a historical context: IT is the latest in a series of general-purpose technologies (GPTs), innovations so important that they cause jumps in an economy’s normal march of progress. - GPTs deliver greater benefits as people invent or developRead MoreInformation Technology Project Management,31215 Words   |  125 PagesThese phases do not vary by project. Product life cycles vary tremendously based on the nature of the project. For example, the Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) could follow the waterfall model, spiral model, incremental release model, prototyping model, RAD model, extreme programming model, or scrum model. Using the general phases of the SDLC (information systems planning, analysis, design, implementation, and support) there could be a project to develop a strategic information systems plan;

Hr Case Crisis Study Free Essays

Human Resource Management Critical Incident Case on Trackon Couriers Pvt. Ltd Course Details Co Prepared By: Case on Trackon Couriers Pvt. Ltd Abstract: – The case discusses about the requirement for different management styles at different phase of an organisation and highlights a situation how once effective Managers can become a problem for the organisation if they are not trained and updated with changing environment and organisational goals. We will write a custom essay sample on Hr Case Crisis Study or any similar topic only for you Order Now Also, the case discusses about the requirement for performance parameters in all aspects of business. New Delhi – December 31st 2005 – Just returning after his regular badminton game Mr. P. K. Anand Managing Director and CEO of Trackon Couriers Pvt. Ltd was sweating in spite of five degree Celsius temperature outside. He had a very tuff decision to make – either to compromise on the company’s existence or to go against the interest of his once blue eyed boys. Obviously as an entrepreneur he wanted to save the company. Having taken the decision he wanted to decide on the strategy to be adopted, he had invited his colleagues for the New Year eve party which is also going to be an important meeting to decide in the company’s future. Company Back Ground: – Trackon Couriers Pvt. Ltd founded by Mr. Anand in December 2004 amidst of crisis in management of On-Dot Couriers Pvt. Ltd, headed by him. Mr. Anand erstwhile agent of DTDC Courier started On- Dot Couriers along with his business partner Mr. Dinesh Rautela in April’ 1993. Though it was though time to hold on to Business Mr. Anand sustained and made it a Limited Company in 1999 adding three more directors to the board Mr. Y. K. Dabas, Mr. P. K. Singh and Mr. Lokesh Anand younger brother of Mr. P. K. Anand. Shares of the Company were distributed as follows: – Mr. P. K. Anand 32 % Mr. Lokesh†¦ How to cite Hr Case Crisis Study, Papers

U.s. Health Care Policy Example For Students

U.s. Health Care Policy The United States is the most powerful countries in the world and plays a central leadership role in the world. The U.S. health care policy is amongst the finest and many industrialized nations are laboring toughly to emulate a health care system that mimic the scheme executed by the United States. The United States of America is well known with its high-priced health care system in the globe because they expends farther than its counterparts related to the Gross Domestic product (GDP) per capita approximately â€Å"18%† (Kinckman Kovner, 2015). Government Role in Health Care The government plays an integral part in refining population well-being worth and protection in the United States such as reducing medical errors and enhancing patient safety. The government is in forefront for the procurement and delivery of health care, overseers for health care marketplaces, and safeguard admittance to superiority up-keep for the susceptible population who cannot afford health care. The government’s obligation to safeguard and innovate the concern of society comprises the distribution of quality health care. In concern that marketplace unaided cannot certify totally Americans admittance to superiority health care, the government must uphold the curiosity of its inhabitants by augmenting the marketplaces wherever there are holes and modify the marketplaces wherever there is an inadequacy and injustice. The government backs innovative health technology procurement for practice purposes, and assembles investor throughout the health care system regarding evalua tion related to assessment of health care superiority. The Affordable Care Act is a step in the right direction to lessen the integer of families without insurance, however; the stakeholders, namely â€Å"drug companies, employers, insurers, hospitals and doctors† graciously defy to split cost related vulnerable populace community (Knickman Kovner, 2015). HealthCare: Right vs Privilege We will write a custom essay on U.s. Health Care Policy specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now To address the subject of whether health care in the United States should be a right or privilege, I positively say health care should be a right. I understand that many groups will state that the uninsured population just needs to get a job, or that Medicare and Medicaid pay for people who cannot afford health care. These viewpoints are indeed correct, however, the above are all misconstructions regarding United States health care access and health insurance. Outline1 The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 20102 Social and Economic Issues Affecting Health Care3 Article Reviewed on Socioeconomic Issue on Health Care Delivery The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 The enactment of the Affordable Care Act main reason was to restructure American health care. These restricting incorporates reasonable pricing, superiority and accessibility of health insurance while holding insurance companies responsible (Knickman Kovner, 2015). It is definitely certain some population have gained immensely from the restructuring. Some of the laws prevent coverage denial due to pre-existing conditions and charge difference between male and female etc. The fact remains that several people in community are still uninsured because of affordability. Social and Economic Issues Affecting Health Care Socially and economically a person’s employment status, education, wealth, and race are well-grounded elements that influence the ability to procure health insurance. Injustice in configuration of social wealth differ greatly which can relate to human continue existence and demise. According to Knickman Kovner, (2015). Nearly about â€Å"46 million† people are without insurance coverage, which greatly distress both small and large organization alike, all government entities, and the total health budget of American expenditure. America is a well- known superpower and wealthiest nation in the world that spend significantly more in its GDP in relation to health care and still our health care rank way behind for health system performance .ufdd32efbd42129cdde9c5215227713e0 , .ufdd32efbd42129cdde9c5215227713e0 .postImageUrl , .ufdd32efbd42129cdde9c5215227713e0 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ufdd32efbd42129cdde9c5215227713e0 , .ufdd32efbd42129cdde9c5215227713e0:hover , .ufdd32efbd42129cdde9c5215227713e0:visited , .ufdd32efbd42129cdde9c5215227713e0:active { border:0!important; } .ufdd32efbd42129cdde9c5215227713e0 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ufdd32efbd42129cdde9c5215227713e0 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ufdd32efbd42129cdde9c5215227713e0:active , .ufdd32efbd42129cdde9c5215227713e0:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ufdd32efbd42129cdde9c5215227713e0 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ufdd32efbd42129cdde9c5215227713e0 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ufdd32efbd42129cdde9c5215227713e0 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ufdd32efbd42129cdde9c5215227713e0 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ufdd32efbd42129cdde9c5215227713e0:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ufdd32efbd42129cdde9c5215227713e0 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ufdd32efbd42129cdde9c5215227713e0 .ufdd32efbd42129cdde9c5215227713e0-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ufdd32efbd42129cdde9c5215227713e0:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Health Care Policy And PoliticsComparable to other countries of same caliber. (Knickman Kovner, 2015). According to Knickman Kovner, (2015) over 80% of individuals deprived of health care do work or resided in a family unit where at least one person works a maximum or job-sharing capacity and still cannot afford a premium coverage for health insurance. These groups of community who works real hard to put food on the table for their family on a minimum wages being deprived of health care coverage because they earn a little over the structured index number indicates that the United States Affordable Care Act restructuring still has a hole in the health care system. Several work industries like restaurants and hospitality with excessive servant throughput have no health care coverage for the workforce; as a result, many are included in the uninsured community. The health care policy enacted by the government to share service coverage between federal, state, and local government for the vulnerable care inclusion has a hole in it. The United States welfare system, namely Medicaid has a st ringent monetarist parameter and protects those disable population and vulnerable poor communities while the Medicare predominantly protects seniors of 65 years and above including the forever incapacitate. Community of low socioeconomic status encounter varied health issues because of their class. There is inability to utilize health care because of affordability, which results in several disabling health and increase mortality. Article Reviewed on Socioeconomic Issue on Health Care Delivery The Journal of American Medical Association article reviewed is call: Addressing Social Issues Affecting Health to Improve US Health Outcomes. It discussed different avenues to resolve social and economic issues related health care. The focus should be more on educating the vulnerable community in from young age, so they can be live a healthy productive life and be part of the solution in decreasing the country GDP. I believe that American health care system should be a basic human right; this is about allowing equivalent prospect for all to employ whatever knack they nurse and to breathe as complete participating appendage of humanity. To have health care as a right, we keep people’s health close to normal functioning that enables them the power to contribute in the civil societal, fiscal aspect of their humanity. To have health care as a right depends on the inclination of persuasive conglomerates amongst all government entities including the secluded private segments for community at large health.

Civil Rights Breached in The Trial by Franz Kafka essays

Civil Rights Breached in The Trial by Franz Kafka essays The Trial by Franz Kafka is a remarkable study of the effects of a dictatorship upon freedoms granted in most democracies of today. Throughout the book, Josef K. experiences numerous violations of the principles of law that we take for granted in daily life. Kafka takes this idea of a corrupt and omnipresent justice system and tells us of the life of a man that did nothing wrong. Even at the conclusion of the book, when Josef K. is executed, there is still no indication of the nature of the crime with which he was accused. This is the first, and most heinous, violation of the principles of justice. When Josef K. is first arrested, the reader assumes that K. has committed some sort of crime that makes him deserving of the arrest. It is soon found out, however, that the guards arresting K. have no idea of why he is being arrested. K. is then forced to wait, held prisoner in his apartment, for an inspector to arrive, presumably to inform him of what crime he was arrested for and to take him away. In fact, upon the inspectors arrival, K. is simply told, yet again, that he is to be arrested. This continues throughout the book until its conclusion. Yet, throughout the proceedings of the trial, Josef K. and his temporary lawyer were able to submit petitions for evidence to defend K. against a crime that neither of them knew. There is obviously no fairness in this act at all. How is the accused supposed to put up a defense against a charge they do not know of? Evidence is meaningless because there is no idea of what will actually be useful. On top of this, it becomes eviden t to the reader that evidence made no difference in the trial, and instead, the outcome was solely based on connections, contacts, and acquaintances. Even if the right people were known, which seemed to be nearly impossible in the court, the odds of swaying their opinions seemed to be futile because there were so many people involved. Thus it can be...

7 Essential Elements to Consider When Writing an International Executive Resume

7 Essential Elements to Consider When Writing an International Executive Resume I had the privilege last Friday of listening to a webinar led by Tim Windhof, an international executive resume/CV writer. Tim explained many of the challenges U.S. and Canadian writers can face when writing these job search documents for an international audience, and how to address those challenges. To write this article, I also leaned on Sandra Ingemansen’s helpful articles posted on CareerDirectors.com on international CV writing. For simplicity’s sake, let’s say for the purposes of this article that â€Å"CV† is just a European term for â€Å"resume.† Don’t worry for now about the academic or scientific CV you might be familiar with in the United States, which might contain a long list of honors, publications, patents, etc. Where should I start when writing an international executive resume? Let’s start with some good news: The basic purpose of a resume or CV is the same everywhere – to sell yourself as a great candidate for the position by highlighting your talents and accomplishments. And the basic elements of an international executive resume are the same no matter where you are. You’ll always have an Experience section, most often in chronological order, and an Education section. Almost all resumes will begin with a Summary section, though as a caveat, I’ve seen many legal professionals who prefer to skip that section. In a multi-cultural world, you could live in one country and want to apply to positions in several others, or in global companies with an American presence. With all these combinations and permutations, you might be called to write a carefully considered â€Å"hybrid† resumes, and you might need an expert to advise you on the best approach. Here are 7 main points to consider if you are applying to a position in a country other than the United States and Canada: 1. Do your research! There is not one binding â€Å"international† resume standard. You can’t safely make any assumptions about what will be appropriate for any given country. For instance, in some countries, such as Germany, a photo, as well as personal details like marital status, number of children, country of citizenship, and birthday, are standard. These details might be included on a cover page. In other countries, including the UK, these personal details should be left out. In Germany there are some very specific requirements for submitting a job application that often comprise 20+ pages of material. And standards are changing rapidly! So make sure you’re up to date before you submit an application. Formats vary between countries, too, trending simpler, with more white space, in countries outside the U.S. The A4 page format is also generally accepted in most non-U.S. countries. CVs tend to be longer than 2 pages in other countries as well, so you don’t need to focus as hard on shortening your resume to 2 pages. In Europe, dates are usually listed down the left-hand column, a practice that is being moved away from in the United States. I repeat: Do your research! Find out what will be accepted, and respected, in the country where you want a job, and follow that standard. 2. C-A-R (Challenge – Action – Results) stories work no matter where you are in the world. But be careful how you write them. While bullets with stories of your executive accomplishments are desirable regardless of country, they should include less detail in other parts of the world than they do in the United States and Canada. This is in part due to confidentiality and non-disclosure regulations, and in part due to cultural differences. Be especially careful not to violate any regulations when sharing specific numbers (dollar amounts and other metrics) in a resume! Furthermore, on international resumes, â€Å"braggy† verbs like â€Å"Propelled,† â€Å"Championed,† and â€Å"Rocketed† work well in the U.S., but would likely be offensive to a reader in Asia or even some areas in Europe. In some countries, you might need to start bullets with nouns instead of verbs, which is also a way to avoid being â€Å"braggy† about your accomplishments. When writing an international executive resume, be sure to emphasize your cross-cultural skills as you share your accomplishments. You absolutely must demonstrate your multi-cultural fluency. 3. Written reference reports might be standard attachments. These reports are regularly provided in some countries and can be up to 2 pages per position. They might be requested to accompany a resume submission. Some of the details of your accomplishments might be covered in these documents, meaning you don’t have to write as much detail in your resume or CV. 4. Language specifics are important! In an international executive resume, it’s essential to be specific – and brutally honest – about your language skills. Are you fluent or proficient? Native speaker? Business or basic level? Written or spoken? Do you have a score on an internationally accepted language exam that you can share? Or, can you use one of the categories in the Common European Framework of References for Languages? Note: If you claim fluency, you will be asked to interview in that language. So don’t stretch the truth. 5. Education – make it universal. Be sure that whatever degree you obtained, you list it in a language equivalent that will be understood in the country you’re applying to work in. You don’t want to undersell or oversell the degree you obtained. Overseas, you will often be served by writing the full span of years in which you attended school, vs. listing only your graduation date. Furthermore, in Europe you will want to include the date of your high school diploma, as recruiters want to see the full timeline of your schooling and whether you took any breaks. 6. Hobbies might be fair game! Don’t be afraid to share hobbies if they are worth noting and good conversation starters. You could find unexpected interest or even commonality with your interviewer! Interests seem especially welcome in international resumes, though they can sometimes be a boon in a U.S. resume as well. I’m pretty sure I once got a job offer because I could recite Dr. Seuss’s â€Å"The Sneetches† from memory. 7. Citizenship and Immigration Status In an international executive resume, your country of citizenship and your ability to work in the country where you’re applying are essential to include on your resume. If you are an executive with a Blue Card, be sure to include that status up front and center. The most important lesson we can learn here (which I am repeating again) is the importance of doing your research! If you’re targeting a position outside of your home country, you need to conform to the proper standards in order to be taken seriously. As Sandra Ingemansen so aptly points out, â€Å"Taking notice of these subtleties lets employers know that if an applicant is the type of person willing to go above and beyond on a job search campaign, then so will she be on the job as well.† Want to look at sample international executive resumes? Check out Brenda Bernstein’s TORI Award Winning International Executive Resume and other TORI Award winning resumes.

Methods for Teaching Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Methods for Teaching - Essay Example The lecturer then winds up the lesson with an expanded explanation and demonstration concerning the topic to accomplish assimilation and understanding (Mertig, 2003). A good example is a teacher preparing to lecture on a topic on mental illness. The teacher will ensure that he or she provides adequate information to the students inform of narrating and demonstrations. Demonstrations include showing pictures of a mentally ill patient and showing their symptoms through a picture or video while teaching. Lecturing involves defining mental illness, stating the possible causes of mental illness in the society then providing methods of managing mental illness, which can be drugs or therapies. The students will take notes and ask questions at the end of the lecture before the teacher comes up with a test to determine whether his or her students understood what mental illness is all about. Simulated practices offer students with opportunities to be involved in patient care experiences they may not have an opportunity to encounter in actual clinical settings for example coming across a patient with mental illness. These patient situations may have high impact events they may not experience in their normal classroom learning. Simulation offers an opportunity to assess clinical verdict of a mentally ill patient. It gives an opportunity to students for them to critically analyze their actions, reflect on their own set of skills, and assess the clinical verdicts of others (Davis, 2007). Simulation promotes active learning and participation because it allows the students to participate in taking care of the mentally ill patients and be able to identify their strengths and weaknesses while handling the patients. It is through participation that they are able to judge and analyze critically whether class work is what happens in the mental institutions. Simulation provides a new avenue for educators and researchers to improve nursing education and practice as well as

International Marketing Feasibility Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6250 words

International Marketing Feasibility - Essay Example The government’s encouragement of foreign investment would fast tract legal actions that may enhance the speed of operation. However, the country’s unstable political system may affect the implementation process. Not so much problem with to whom should accept the program since there is a remarkable number of urban elite who can afford for such academic service. However, it is a good marketing proposition to tie up with Thailand’s government when it comes to educating its people since it is clear that the government has to start maximizing its subsidy on education. Not only that, Thailand would be a good venue and strategic place for the neighboring and developing countries to access the service of ANOVA Education Center considering that the cost of leaving is definitely not that high. The company is ANOVA Education Centre. It is situated solely in Singapore since it has not expanded to anywhere else yet. All from its website ANOVA Education Centre (2009), the company has promoted itself as the one that provides preparatory courses for foreign students who have interest to study in Singapore. Among of its many objectives, the main is to give students preparation for entrance examinations to Singapore’s local schools. The company was able to promise of courses that are in line with the recent syllabus of Ministry of Education. The company also ensures that its students will have a conducive environment as well as competent and highly-trained teachers as they receive their trainings. To give much more focus to every student, each teacher has 10 to 15 students. With all of these, the ANOVA Education Center is simply trying to provide opportunity for each individual willing to enter in the international language where the medium of speech is English. A message from the principal of ANOVA Education Center, David Sum, simply states the company’s commitment to provide their students a high standard of service.

our town :: essays research papers

Our Town   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Our Town, by Thornton Wilder is a play that takes place in a small fictional town of Grover's Corner, New Hampshire; beginning in 1901 and ending in 1913. The play takes the audience through the cycles of life, with the purpose of getting a message across stating that life shouldn't be taken for granted. Emily Webb, one of the most important characters in the play, is Wilder's character in which he uses to show the audience a message that anyone would understand and relate to.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Emily is a character that is normal enough so that the audience could relate to her; and be different in little ways that makes people love and admire her. These cycles makes her common, thus relatable to the audience. Without going through common events in life, the character would seem distant and likeable to the audience. Similarly, when Emily said that she expects a man to be perfect, it makes her special. Wilder put in that scene because he believed that even though there is a basic image of an average person, to be truly average, the character must have a difference to separate the character from the crowd. If the character doesn't have any differences, then the character would be faceless; impossible for the character to take a major role in the play. Emily is portrayed uniquely in her own way, and yet is still within the boundaries of everyone else.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The character Emily plays a crucial scene in the play, the part where Emily went back to her twelfth birthday. At first, Emily wanted to go back and relive the happiest day of her life, but Mrs. Gibbs stopped her and told her to visit a normal day instead. Mrs. Gibbs knew what would happen to Emily if she had relived a joyful day in her life. If Emily had went back to a special occasion, she would've been overwhelmed by the all the beauty that she didn't pay attention to. Therefore, Emily went to relive her twelfth birthday, but wasn't as happy as she thought she would have been.

Bowlby’s Ethological Attachment Theory Essay

Abstract Bowlby’s ethological attachment theory bases its argument on the premise that human individuals, just like animals have a tendency to have a natural inclination to establish and maintain lasting affectionate bonds (attachments) to the familiar and irreplaceable others. Bowlby further asserts that once the attachments are established, the strength, and stability of the links is related the emotional stability and well-being of the individual throughout life. Bowlby proposes that the attachment initially form during infancy and often involve one primary attachment figure (mostly the mother or other primary caregiver). However, growth from childhood to adulthood results in the development of other secondary and multiple attachments which are organized into hierarchies from the most accessible to the least accessible. This forms the lifespan development of an individual as attachment needs for comfort and closeness shift from parents to peers as part of a healthy lifespan development. This paper discusses Bowlby’s ethological attachment theory as a theory of lifespan development. The paper is organized with an introduction which briefly discusses the concept of ethology and its ancestry from the study on the graylag geese by Konrad Lorenz. It further presents the contributions of Bowlby and the applications of the theory on human beings lifespan development and contemporary practice. The paper logically ends with a conclusion. Introduction Ethology emphasizes that human behavior is tied to evolution and biology, and is therefore characterized by critical periods. According to ethnologists, the critical periods are time frames during which the presence of lack of certain experiences exerts long-lasting influence on human individuals. The concept of ethology rose to prominence after a European zoologist (Lorenz) undertook a behavioral study on graylag geese and their behavior of following their mothers immediately after they hatch (Marga, 2011). In his  attempt to study on attachment, Lorenz subdivided the eggs laid by one goose into two groups with one being given to the mother for hatching while the other was hatched in an incubator. The goslings hatched by the mother followed the mother immediately after hatching while those hatched in the incubator followed Lorenz sine he was the one they saw immediately after hatching. Even after marking the goslings and placing them in a box, the goslings run to the mother and Lo renz according immediately after the box was opened (van der Horst & van der Veer, 2009). Lorenz described the process as imprinting. Imprinting refers to the process through which rapid, innate learning takes place and involves the creation of attachment to the first mobile object visible to a newly hatched gosling. John Bowlby took the concept ahead illustrating an application of ethological theory on human behavior and development. In his view, attachment to a caregiver during the first year of a child has significant consequences throughout the individual’s lifespan. In his words, attachment influences human relationships â€Å"from the cradle to the grave† (Pitman & Scharfe, 2010, p. 201). Bowlby argues that if the attachment is both positive and secure, the individual has a high likelihood of developing positively through childhood and into adulthood. On the other side, if the attachment is both negative and insecure, the individual has high chances of not attaining optimal life-span development. It is the concern of human individuals that they reach optimal lifespan development, something that ethological theory partly tries to explain. This paper discusses Bowlby’s ethological attachment theory and its applications in the course of lifespan development. Bowlby’s perspectives on ethological attachment theory From the perspective of ethological theory, babies have an innate biological preparation to participate actively towards the establishment of a bond with caregivers. The ethological theory holds that such an attachment promotes the likelihood that the genes of individuals survive (Makulincer & Shaver, 2012). The theory also posits that the behaviors of children are best understood in the context of their adaptive value hence they seek to fully integrate with the entire organism-environment arrangement. This includes physical, social as well as the cultural aspects an individual is exposed to in the course of life-span development. While Bowlby’s ethological theory  places its emphasis on genetics and biological aspects of development, learning also plays an integral role in life-span development since it facilitates flexibility and adaptation of human behavior. One of Bowlby’s concerns had to do with the ability of children raised in other institutions such as orphanages to form lasting relationships. Bowlby’s proposal was that children who grow up in institutions such as orphanages have difficulties when it comes to love because they never had the opportunity to establish attachments to a mother figure in the early stage of their lives. The attachment, in Bowlby’s view, is an emotional bond established between two people and this attachment is vital in the building of healthy relationships (Makulincer, Shaver & Berant, 2013). He argued that the bonding process starts at birth and runs through to later stages in life. Below six months, the infant is attached to the primary caregiver. Between six to eighteen months, the separation of the child from the attachment figure upsets the child causing frequent cries. Another accompanying behavior at this stage is the fear of strangers. While infants develop a primary attachment to a single caregiver, researchers also argue that other significant attachments also develop. Such attachments include those with siblings, fathers, and other close figures who interact with the child. Mary Ainsworth, an American scholar to study the area of attachment describes the attachments as secondary attachments (Marga, 2011). She further describes secondary attachments as important bonds in the life-span development of an individual. These attachments are vital since the child has to live in world beyond the mother/primary caregiver. Secondary attachments help in the transformation of the child from the comfortable symbiotic relationship that he/she initially forms with the primary caregiver to include others in the society (Makulincer & Shaver, 2012). It is from this development that the child is able to develop age-appropriate independence and autonomy in the course of life-span development. Children imitate their models and the positive interactions with the caregiver promote a sense of identity and attachment. Children also develop multiple attachments as witnessed in Ainsworth’s secondary attachments (Marga, 2011). A father who is warm and affectionate towards the child becomes emotionally involved with the child and establishes attachment. Researchers also find that when sons feel understood by their fathers, they develop attachments towards, their  fathers. On the other side, when sons feel misunderstood by their fathers, they did not only feel afraid of them but also did not want to be like the male parent in the future. The lesson here is that paternal affection and understanding are key components that help in the promotion of positive relationships and attachments between a male parent and the child. According to Sable (2008), Bowlby’s ethological attachment theory is recognized as a lifespan developmental theory. The author further argues that it is relevant in the understanding of how early affection experiences exert influence on emotional and physical well being of an individual both in childhood and adulthood. The author specifically singles the importance of Bowlby’s ethological attachment theory in clinical practice as it helps in understanding clients’ distress and the carrying out of psychotherapy. Contemporary research on neurobiology of attachment extends the basis of Bowlby’s conception of an attachment behavior system and suggests that its functions are executed in the brain’s right hemisphere, specifically the right cortex (Sable, 2008). Just like Bowlby asserts that attachment system evolves on the need for protection from environmental dangers such as predation, the brain is also an evolving organ largely influenced by â€Å"nat ural selection† (Sable, 2008, p. 22) and later shaped by environmental experiences. It is from this realization that knowledge of attachment theories becomes invaluable in psychotherapy. Application of Bowlby’s ethological attachment in lifespan development According to Pitman & Scharfe (2010), the principles of attachment theory are distinctively visible in moments of distress or sickness when the individual feels that their survival is under threat. However, there are many other instances when attachment behaviors are manifest such as children’s first experiences in schools and day care centers. Pitman & Scharfe (2010) observe that during the first day in day care centers, children experience increases in cortisol levels and heart rates. In the course of an individual’s developmental lifespan, other incidences include airport separations when couples display attachment behaviors as well as distress irrespective of their attachment security. Knowledge of attachment is useful in psychotherapy. According to Pitman & Scharfe (2010), individuals with high attachment anxiety and avoidance experience greater physical symptoms in comparison with individuals who have low attachment anxiety and avoidance. The researchers  also report on the existence of an association between attachment anxiety and avoidance on one hand and depression on the other across varying age groups. These range from samples of children and adolescents, emerging adults, married couples, community samples in transition to parenthood, university samples, as well as clinical samples. The results indicate an association between higher attachment anxiety and avoidance with depression (Sable, 2008). The establishment of attachment with the therapists determines the effectiveness of a therapist in giving assistance to a client. Bowlby believes that the development of a new attachment with a therapist enables the therapist to assist the client in revising the story of the client’s life into a more consiste nt narrative. According to Sable (2010), the role of the therapist is to provide a springboard for change and this is possible through joint exploration of the painful feelings and the unhappy events that contribute the current emotional problems of the client. In order to win this trust, the therapist ought to become a relatively secure base where the client experiences safety and support. The therapist has to cultivate for this attachment through calming and soothing interactions although it may take some time before the therapist is accepted and felt as emotionally familiar and affectively accustomed to the client. One of the applications of Bowlby’s ethological attachment theory by clinicians is in the assessment of the client’s attachment style so that the clinician can regulate the therapeutic approach (Sable, 2010). The outcomes of a therapy process reveal that avoidant outpatients show minimal clinical improvements in comparison to the secure and anxious outpatients after individual therapy (Makulincer, Shaver & Berant, 2013). They also report that in a study carried out in a university program training clinic, avoidant attachment had an inverse relationship to psychotherapy outcome. Researchers agree that problems in the working alliance between clients and therapists partially mediate the avoidance-outcome association. In another sample of clients with eating disorders, avoidant-attachment was linked with dropout of group psychotherapy. Another contemporary application of Bowlby’s ethological theory is in the diagnosis of the reactive attachment disorder. Follan & Minnis (2009) investigate the cases of the forty-four juvenile thieves described as affectionless psychopaths. Out of the sampled ‘juvenile thieves,’ 86 percent had undergone through prolonged separation  from primary caregivers in the early stages of their lives apart from being placed under multiple care placements. Follan & Minnis (2009) find out that in their sample, 60 percent of children with reactive attachment disorder had been separated from their homes either resulting from neglect or other types of maltreatment. According to Bowlby, the experience of separation from primary caregivers was a key etiological factor contributing towards the development of difficulties in children. These findings lend credence to Bowlby’s ethological attachment theory in the diagnosis of reactive attachment disorder (RAD). While Bowlby’s ethological attachment theory receives worldwide support, it also faces some criticisms. One such criticism is its reliance on biology and evolution as the basis of development as well as the use of selective observations in naturalistic situations. Marga (2011) presents contradicting reports of a study involving 162 farm children where there was no relation between infant training on one hand and personality development on the other. As a result, the research er implores scientists to â€Å"quit blaming mom† as a dismissal to Bowlby’s ethological attachment theory. While the criticisms are there, Bowlby’s ethological theory receives widespread support and application as it relates to the lifespan development of an individual. Conclusion The behavioral development of a human being begins at birth and occurrences at the formative years determine the personality development of the individual later in adulthood. Many theories such as the behavioral and psychoanalytic theories explain personality development of the human individual. The quality of the entire human life is the accurate measure of effective lifespan development of the individual. Bowlby’s ethological attachment theory argues that human individuals develop attachments to primary caregivers that are affectionate and supportive. As individuals grow, they develop other secondary and multiple attachments with peers in order to get security as they interact with different environments. Bowlby’s perspective has received widespread acceptance although it has also been criticized for placing emphasis on biology and evolution. Nevertheless, the theory receives application in psychotherapy. Researchers report that clients are open up to therapists after they develop a feeling of security and attachment with the therapist. There is evidence that psychotherapy  outcomes also depend on the establishment of attachment between the client and the therapist. There is also a link between avoidant-attachment and dropout of group psychotherapy. The theory specifically helps in understanding the distress of clients in various stages in life and this facilitates positive outcomes during physiotherapy. There is further evidence that Bowlby’s ethological attachment theory also helps in the diagnosis of reactive attachment disorder. As individuals grow from childhood to adulthood, their attachments change due to changes in the environment, making Bowlby’s ethological theory a theory of lifespan development. References Follan, M., & Minnis, H. (2009). Forty-four juvenile thieves revisited: From Bowlby to reactive attachment disorder. Child: care, health and development 36(5): 639-645. Makulincer, M., & Shaver, P.R. (2012). Adult Attachment Orientations and Relationship Processes. Journal of Family Theory & Review 4: 259-274. Makulincer, M., Shaver, P.R., & Berant, E. (2013). An attachment perspective on therapeutic processes and outcomes. Journal of Personality 81(6): 606-616. Marga, V. (2011). The Social Nature of the Mother’s Tie to Her Child: John Bowlby’s Theory of Attachment in Post-war America. British Journal for the History of Science 44(3): 401-426. Pitman, R., & Scharfe, E. (2010).Testing the function of attachment hierarchies during emerging adulthood. Personal Relationships 17(2): 201-216. Sable, P. (2008). What is Adult Attachment? Clinical Social Work Journal 36(1): 21-30. van der Horst, F.C.P., & van der Veer, R. (2009). Separation and divergence: The untold story of Ja mes Robertson’s and John Bowlby’s theoretical dispute on mother-child separation. Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences 45(3): 236-252.

When I first enrolled in Technology and Society, I...

When I first enrolled in Technology and Society, I honestly did not know what to think of this class. I thought I was going to feel awkward because maybe it was going be a class full of nerds, which there wasn’t, and all we would talk about was different kinds of inventions and how they effected society. After completing the course it was pretty much true, the class discussed many inventions and how they have effected society throughout the years, even how society has effected technology. One of the main topics that was covered in the class was how many different definitions there was of what was considered technology. The biggest lesson that was taught was how technology and society have been linked so closely throughout history, and now†¦show more content†¦Everyone has seen that kid with music blasting out of his headphones, or the girl rapidly texting on her phone. The youth of today are constantly drawn in technological advancements that promote nonstop communica tion and instant satisfaction, whether through cell phones, video games, laptops, or iPod/MP3 players. Before the invention of these devices, family members would sit together around the table and play games together. However, since the invention of video games, those kinds of entertainment have changed to games played individually, and the impact of such games on family relations is apparent. Nowadays instead of watching TV together or eating a family meal, everyone in the family is in a separate room, either playing video games, watching football, on their computers or on their phones. Though, in some cases, technology helps parents to communicate with their children and know their location, it is not always enough for children’s safety just to stay connected with the family. People are so fascinated by their smart phones or laptops that they are blind to others around them. Consequently, spending less time with family and more time with different gadgets can cause the loss of tight contacts with close relations. But are these technological advancements a good thing? I believe that the growth of technology has negatively influenced the social interactions of todays youth because it isolates people from reality, gets in the way ofShow MoreRelatedHow Technology Has Changed Our Future?2020 Words   |  9 PagesRegression We live in the 21st century where mostly everything is done by technology. In 1965, Gordon Moore predicted that technology would rapidly improve every 18 months. Fast forward to 2016 and we have improved so well technologically that it has become something nobody could have ever predicted. We are living in a golden age of technology with discoveries happen every day. 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